Description

Early Philips smart card development involved experimentation with simple memory chips, and various contact positions and configurations. They range from 8 square grid, to rectangular, and even the Messerkontact (8 contacts) on one end similar to Philips Germany (9 contacts), and the Chip cards of Italy, Torino. Only later was the Dual Chip module developed again, in tandem with Philips/Valvo Germany.